p pacemaker, cardiac 起博点 pacinian corpuscle 帕西尼氏小体﹔环层小体pain receptor 痛觉感受器palate palm 手掌palm bone 掌骨pancreas 胰〔脏〕pancreatic duct 胰管pancreatic juice 胰液pandemic infection 世界性传染papilla 乳突﹔乳头papillary muscle 乳突肌paracetamol 朴热息痛 paranoia 妄想狂﹔偏执狂parasite 寄生物parasitism 寄生〔现象〕parasympathetic nervous system 副交感神经系统 parathormone 甲状旁腺激素﹔副甲状腺素parathyroid 甲状旁腺﹔副甲状腺parental care 亲代养育parturition 分娩passive immunity 被动免疫pasteurization 巴斯德消毒法 patella 膝盖骨﹔髌 pathogen 病原体pectin 果胶pectoral girdle 肩带pediculus humanus (head louse) 衣虱﹔体虱pedigree 谱系pellagra 癞皮病﹔糙皮病pelvic cavity 骨盆腔pelvic girdle 腰带pelvis (1)骨盆﹐(2)肾盂penicillin 青霉(霉)素 penicillium 青霉(霉) 菌penicllium chrysogenum 产黄青霉(霉)penicllium notatum 特异青霉(霉)﹔点青霉(霉)penis 阴茎 pepsin 胃蛋白 pepsinogen 胃蛋白 原 peptidase peptide peptide bond 键 peptide linkage 键 peptone 蛋白 pericardium 围心膜﹔心包perilymphy 外淋巴periodontal disease 牙周病periodontal membrane 牙周膜periosteum 骨膜peripheral nervous system 外周神经系统peripheral resistance 外周阻力peristalsis 蠕动 periwinkle 滨螺permanent dentition 恒齿系permanent slide 永久装片permeability 可透性 pernicious anaemia 恶性贫血personal hygiene 个人卫生personality disorder 人格障碍﹔人格失常perspiration 出汗pest 害虫pest control 害虫防治pesticide 杀虫剂petri dish 培养皿ph 酸碱度ph paper ph试纸phagocyte 吞噬细胞 phagocytosis 吞噬作用phalanges 指骨﹔趾骨pharynx 咽phenacetin 非那西汀phenotype 表现型phenylketonuria 苯(丙)酮尿症 phlegm 痰phobia 恐怖症photomicrograph 显微照片photosynthesis 光合作用phthirus pubis (crab louse) 阴虱phylum 门physical environment 物理环境physician 医生physiological dependence 生理依赖physiotherapy 物理治疗phytoplankton 浮游植物pickling 腌泡pigment 色素pinna 耳壳pioneering community 先锋群落pipette 移液管pipette filler 移液管吸注器pituitary (body) 脑〔下〕垂体 pituitary gland 脑垂腺pivot 枢轴关节placenta 胎盘plague 鼠疫plankton 浮游生物 plankton net 浮游生物网plaque, dental 牙垢plaque disclosing agent 牙垢膜指示剂plasma 血浆plasma membrane 质膜 plasma protein 血浆蛋白plasmodium 疟原虫platelet 血小板pleura 胸膜pleural cavity 胸膜腔pleural fluid 胸膜液pneumonia 肺炎 pneumonococcus 肺炎球菌pneumonoconiosis 肺尘埃沉着病poikilotherm 变温动物 poikilothermy 变温性poliomyelitis 髓灰质炎﹔小儿痲痹症 pollutant 污染物pollution 污染polychaete 多毛类环虫 polynucleotide 多核 酸 polypeptide 多 polysaccharide 多糖pons 脑桥pooter 吸虫管population (1)人口﹐(2)种群population control 人口控制population explosion 人口爆炸portal circulation 门脉循环portal system 门脉系统posterior vena cava 后腔大静脉posture 姿态﹔体位precapillary sphincter 微血管前括约肌precaution 预防措施predation 捕食predator 捕食者pregnancy 妊娠﹔怀孕 premolar 前臼齿prenatal 出生前的presbyopia 老视〔眼〕preservative 防腐剂pressure cooker 加压蒸煮器﹔高压锅pressure point 血压点pressure receptor 压力感受器prey 猎物﹔被捕食者primary consumer 初级消费者primary host 第一寄主primate 灵长类primitive reflex 原始反射process 突〔起〕producer 生产者productivity 生产力progesterone 孕酮 proglottide 节片prokaryote 原核生物prolactin 促乳素 prophylaxis 预防proprioceptor 本体感受器propylene glycol 丙二醇prostate gland 前列腺﹔摄护腺 protease 蛋白 protein 蛋白质protein synthesis 蛋白质合成proteinase 蛋白 proteolytic enzyme 蛋白〔水解〕 protease 蛋白 prothrombin 凝血酶原 prothromboplastin 凝血激原 protoplasm 原生质protozoan 原生动物proximal convoluted tubule 近曲小管pseuomonas denitrifican 脱氮假单胞菌psychiatry 精神病学psychological dependence 心理依赖psycopath 精神变态者psychosis 精神病psychotherapy 精神疗法﹔心理疗法psychotropic drug 精神治疗药ptyalin 唾液淀粉 puberty 青春期pubic symphysis 耻骨联合pubis 耻骨pulmonary artery 肺动脉pulmonary circulation 肺循环pulmonary vein 肺静脉pulp 髓pulp cavity 髓腔pulse 脉搏pulse rate 脉搏率punnett square 旁氏表pupil 瞳孔pupil reflex 瞳孔反射pus 脓putrefaction 腐败作用 putrefying bacteria 腐败细菌pyloric sphincter 幽门括约肌pylorus 幽门pyramid, kidney 肾锥体pyramid of biomass 生物量塔pyramid of energy 能量塔pyramid of numbers 数目塔q quadrat 样方 quarantine 检疫﹔隔离quinine 奎宁﹔金 纳碱 r rabies 狂犬病 radial artery 桡骨动脉radial muscle 放射肌radiotherapy 放射疗法radius 桡骨rapid sand filter (pressure filter) 速沙滤rashes 疹reabsorption 重吸收作用receptor 感受器recessive 隐性recombination 重组rectum 直肠rectus muscle 〔眼〕直肌recycling 再循环red blood cell 红〔血〕细胞﹔红血球red blood corpuscle 红血球﹔红〔血〕细胞red bone marrow 红骨髓red cross 红十字会red-green colour-blindness 红绿色盲reducing agent 还原剂reducing sugar 还原糖reduction division 减数分裂reflex 反射〔作用〕reflex action 反射动作reflex arc 反射弧reflex center 反射中枢relaxant 弛缓药relay neurone 联络神经元remineralization 补充矿质renal artery 肾动脉renal corpuscle 肾小体renal tubule 肾小管renal vein 肾静脉renewable resource 可再生资源rennin 凝乳 replication 复制reproduction 生殖作用reproductive organ 生殖器官reproductive system 生殖系统reptile 爬行动物residual air 余气residual volume 余气量repiration 呼吸作用 respiratory center 呼吸中枢respiratory system 呼吸系统respiratory tract 呼吸道response 反应resistant strain 耐药菌株 resuscitation 复苏retina 视网膜retinol 视黄醇rheumatism 风湿病rhizobium leguminosarum 豆科根瘤菌rhizopus 根霉 rhodopsin 视紫〔红质〕rhythm method 安全期避孕法rib 肋骨rib cage 肋骨篮riboflavin (vitamin b2) 核黄素ribonucleic acid (rna) 核糖核酸 ribose 核糖ribosome 核糖体 rickets 佝偻病 ringer's solution 林格氏溶液ringworm 环癣rod cell 视杆细胞rodents 啮齿类 root, tooth 齿根root nodule 根瘤root nodule bacteria 根瘤菌roughage 粗糙食物round window 正圆窗round worm 蛔虫 rubella (german measles) 〔病毒性〕风疹﹔德国麻疹ruffini corpuscle 鲁〔斐尼〕氏小体s sacculus 球〔状〕囊sacral vertebra 荐椎sacrum 荐骨safe period 安全期salicylate 水杨酸盐saline 盐水saliva 唾液 salivary amylase 唾液淀粉 salivary duct 唾管salivary gland 唾腺salivation 流涎salmonella 沙门氏菌属salmonella typhi 伤寒杆菌salmonellosis 沙门菌病sample 样本sampling 抽样saprobiont 腐生〔生〕物saprophyte 腐生植物saprophytism 腐生〔现象〕saprotroph 腐生生物savanna 〔热带〕稀树干草原 scale 鳞〔片〕scalpel 解剖刀scapula 肩胛骨 scarlet fever 猩红热scavenger 食腐动物scavenger cell 清除细胞schizongony 分裂生殖schizophrenia 精神分裂症schwann cell 雪旺氏细胞﹔神经鞘细胞sclera 巩膜 sclerotic coat 巩膜 scolex 头节screening 筛选scrotal sac 阴囊 scrotum 阴囊 scurvy 坏血病sea anemone 海葵 seashore habitat 海滨生境sebaceous gland 皮脂腺sebum 皮脂second order consumer 二次消费者secondary consumer 次级消费者secondary host 第二寄主secondary sexual character 第二性征secretin 分泌素﹔肠促胰液素secretion (1)分泌作用﹐(2)分泌物section 切片section lifter 移片器sectioning 切片法sedative 镇静剂sedimentation 沉降 sedimentation tank 沉降池seeker 探针segment 体节﹔环节segregation 分离 selective permeability 选透性selectively permeable membrane 选透性膜semen 精液semicircular canal 半规管semilunar valve 半月瓣seminal fluid 精液seminal vesicle 贮精囊seminiferous tubule 精小管senescence 衰老sensation 感觉sense organ 感觉器官 sensitivity 感应性﹔敏感性sensory area 感觉区sensory cell 感觉细胞sensory fibre 感觉纤维sensory hair cell 感觉毛细胞sensory nerve ending 感觉神经末鞘 sensory nerve fibre 感觉神经纤维sensory neurone 感觉神经元septum 隔 serum 血清sewage 污水 sex cell 性细胞sex chromosome 性染色体sex determination 性别决定sex hormone 性激素sex linkage 性连锁sex organ 性器官sex-linked character 性连性状sex-linked inheritance 性连遗传sexual maturity 性成熟sexual reproduction 有性生殖sexually transmitted disease (std) 性传染疾病shank 胫﹔小腿shock 休克short sight 近视 shoulder blade 肩胛骨shoulder girdle 肩带shrink 萎缩shrub 灌木side effect 副作用sight 视觉silicosis 硅肺﹔石末沉着病sino-atrial node 窦房结 sinus 窦 skeletal muscle 骨骼肌skeletal system 骨骼系统skeleton 骨骼skin 皮肤skull 颅骨﹔头颅slide 玻片sling 悬带slow sand filter 慢沙滤sludge 污(淤)泥 sludge digester 污(淤)泥消解器slug 蛞蝓 small intestine 小肠smallpox 天花 smell 嗅觉smell receptor 嗅觉感受器smog 毒雾﹔ 雾 smoke smooth muscle 平滑肌snail 蜗牛sneezing 喷嚏social disease 社会性疾病socialization 社会化socket 槽socket, tooth 齿槽sodium alginate 褐藻酸钠sodium benzoate 苯〔甲〕酸钠sodium bicarbonate 亚碳酸钠sodium citrate 柠檬酸钠sodium hydroxide 氢氧化钠sodium hypochlorite 次氯酸钠soft palate 软 soil conservation 土壤保持soil erosion 土壤侵蚀soil structure 土壤结构sole 足掌solute 溶质solution 溶液solvent 溶剂somatic cell 体细胞spatula 刮 ﹔药匙 species 〔物〕体 specificity 专一性specimen 标本specimen bottle 标本瓶sperm 精子sperm cell 精细胞sperm duct 输精管spermatic cord 精索spermatogenesis 精子发生spermicide 杀精剂sphincter 括约肌 sphygmomanometer 血压计spider 蜘蛛spinal canal 椎管spinal column 柱 spinal cord 髓 spinal nerve 髓神经 spinal reflex 髓反射 spindle 纺缍体spindle fibre 纺缍丝spine 柱 spirillum 螺〔旋状〕菌spirochaetes 螺旋体属spirometer 肺量计﹔呼吸量计spleen 脾〔脏〕 splint 木条spongy bone 松质骨sporangium 孢子囊 spore 孢子sporogony 孢子生殖sporulation 孢子形成spot test (fat) 亮点法sptting plate 反应板sprain 扭伤spreader 摊开器sprinkler 洒水装置sputum 痰涎squash 压片ssquid 乌贼st. john's ambulance association 圣约翰救伤队stabilizer 稳定剂stage, microscope 载物台stain (1)染色﹐(2)染色剂stand and clamp 铁架及铁夹stapes 镫骨staphylococcus 葡萄球菌staphylococcus albus 白色葡萄球菌staphylococcus aureus 金黄色葡萄球菌starch 淀粉starch grain 淀粉粒starch iodide paper 碘淀粉试纸starfish 海星stereomicroscope 立体显微镜stereoscopic vision 实体视觉sterile (1)无菌﹔(2)不育sterilization (1)灭菌﹔消毒﹐(2)绝育sternum 胸骨stethoscope 听诊器 sticky pad 纱布垫stimulant 兴奋剂stimulus 刺激stoma 气孔 stomach 胃stopper 塞stop watch 秒表strain (1)菌株﹐(2)品系stratum corneum 角质层stratum germinativum 生发层stratum granulosum 颗粒层streak 划 streptococcus 链球菌streptococcus lactis 乳链球菌streptococcus pyrogenes 脓链球菌 streptococcus scarlatinae 猩红热链球菌streptomycin 链霉(霉)菌属stress 紧张状态﹔精神压力stretch receptor 牵张感受器striated muscle 横纹肌stroke 中风 subclavian artery 锁骨下动脉subclavian vein 锁骨下静脉subcutaneous fat 皮下脂肪submucosa 黏膜下层substrate (1)基质﹐(2)底物﹔ 作用物 succus entericus 肠液sucker 吸盘sucrase 蔗糖 sucrose 蔗糖 sulphonamide 磺胺sulphur dioxide 二氧化硫sunstroke 日射病﹔中暑superior vena cava 上腔大静脉surgery 外科surgical ward 外科病房surveillance system 监视﹔监督susceptible strain 易受感染菌株suspensory ligament 悬韧带suture 骨缝swallowing 吞咽sweat 汗sweat duct 汗管sweat gland 汗腺sweat pore 汗孔sweep net 扫网symbiont 共生物symbiosis 共生 sympathetic nervous system 交感神经系统 symptom 症状synapse 突触syndrome 综合征synovial cavity 滑液腔 synovial fluid 滑液synovial joint 滑液关节 synovial membrane 滑液膜synovial sac 滑液囊synthesis 合成作用syphilis 梅毒 syringe 针筒system 系统systematic circulation 体循环systole 心缩期systolic pressure 心缩压t taenia solium 猪 虫 tamarin 金丝猴tapeworm 绦虫tar 焦油target organ 目标器官tarsal 跗骨tarsier 狨tartar 牙垢﹔牙石 taste 味觉taste bud 味蕾taste receptor 味觉感受器taxonomy 分类〔学〕tear 眼泪tear duct 泪管tear gland 泪腺teat pipette 药泵temperate diciduous forest 温带落叶林temperateinversio 温度逆增现象temporary slide 临时装片tendon 腱termite 白蚁 tertiary consumer 三级消费者test tube 试管test tube holder 试管夹test tube rack 试管架testis 睪丸testosterone 睪〔固〕酮tetanus 破伤风tetracycline 四环素thalamus 丘脑 thermometer 温度计thiamine 硫胺素thickener 增稠剂thigh 大腿thigh bone 大腿骨thiobacillus 硫杆菌属third order consumer 三级消费者thoracic cavity 胸腔thoracic (lymph) duct 胸管thoracic vertebra 胸椎thorax 胸threadworm 虫﹔蛲虫 thrombin 凝血 thrombinogen 凝血 原 thrombocyte 血小板thrombokinase 凝血致活酶 thromboplastin 促凝血酶原激酶 thrombosis 血栓形成thrombus 血栓thumb 拇指thymine 胸腺嘧啶 thyroid gland 甲状腺thyroid stimulating hormone 促甲状腺激素thyroid hormone 促甲状腺激素thyrotropin 促甲状腺激素thyroxine 甲状腺素thymus gland 胸腺tibia 胫骨tick 蜱tidal air 潮气tidal volume 潮气量tissue 组织tissue fluid 组织液tissue respiration 组织呼吸tocopherol (vitamin e) 生育 toe 趾tongue 舌tongue rolling 卷舌tonsilitis 扁桃体炎tooth 牙齿 tooth decay 蛀牙top shell 马 螺 touch receptor 触觉感受器toxin 毒素 toxoid 类毒素trachea 气管 trait 特征tranqilliser 镇定剂transcription 转录作用translation 转译作用transect 样条 transfusion 输血transmitter 传导物质﹔传递介质transverse process 横突transverse section 横切面trauma 创伤﹔外伤tree 乔木treponoma palladium 苍白密螺旋体triceps 三头肌trichomonas vaginalis 阴道毛滴虫trichomoniasis 〔毛〕滴虫病trichophyton 发癣菌tricuspid valve 三尖瓣triglyceride 甘油三酯 tripod 三脚架trophic level 食性层次tropical rain forest 热带雨林true rib 真肋trunk 躯干trypsin 胰蛋白 trypsinogen 胰蛋白 原 tubal ligation 输卵管结 tubercle 结核tuberculosis 结核〔病〕 tumeric paper 郁金试纸tumour 肿瘤 tundra 冻原twins, fraternal 异卵双胎﹔异卵孪生twins, identical 同卵双胎﹔同卵孪生tympanum, tympanic membrane 鼓膜typhoid 伤寒 typhus 斑疹伤寒u ulcer 溃疡 ulna 尺骨ultrafiltration 超滤作用umbilical artery 脐动脉umbilical cord 脐带 umbilical vein 脐静脉umbilicus 脐undernutrition 营养不足unicellular 单细胞的universal donor 全适供血者universal recipient 全适受血者upper arm 上臂upper jaw 上颚upper limb 上肢urea 尿素ureter 输尿管 urethra 尿道 urinary bladder 膀胱urinary system 泌尿系统urination 排尿urine 尿urinogenital system 泌尿生殖系统uterine lining 子宫内膜uterine mucosa 子宫黏膜uterus 子宫 uterus wall 子宫壁utriculus 椭圆囊v vaccinia virus 牛痘病毒vaccination 接种vaccine 疫苗 vacuole 液泡 vaccuum drying 真空干燥vagina 阴道vaginitis 阴道炎valium 安定valve 瓣膜variation 变异varicose vein 静脉曲张vas deferens 输精管vasectomy 输精管切除术vasoconstriction 血管收缩vasodilation 血管舒张vector of infection 传染媒介vegetarian diet 素食vegetation 植被vein 静脉 vena cava 腔静脉 venereal disease 性病venous flow 静脉流venous system 静脉系统 ventilation 换气ventral root 腹根ventricle (1)室﹐(2)心室 ventricular systole 心室收缩期venule 小静脉vertebra 椎骨vertebral column 柱 vertebrate 椎动物 vertical section 纵切面vestibule 前庭vial 指管vibrio 弧菌vibrio cholerae 霍乱弧菌villus 绒毛virus 病毒viscera 内脏vision 视觉visual purple 视紫〔红质〕vital capacity 肺活量vitamin 维生素vitreous humour 玻璃状液vocal cord 声带volatile chemical 挥发性化学物voluntary action 随意动作voluntary muscle 随意肌vomiting 呕吐 vulva (1)阴门﹐(2)外阴w waste 废物watch glass 表面玻璃water balance 水分平衡water bath 水浴water beetle 龙虱water boatman 划 water cycle 水循环water flea 水蚤water mite 水 water pollution 水污染 water potential 水潜能﹔水势water purification 净化作用water sac 水囊water table 地下水层﹔潜水面weathering 风化〔作用〕 whelk 螺white blood cell 白〔血〕细胞﹔白血球 white blood corpuscle 白血球﹔白〔血〕细胞white matter 白质whooping cough 百日咳wildlife 野生生物windpipe 气管wire gauze 铁丝网withrawal symptom 戒断症状﹔脱瘾症状womb 子宫world health organization (who) 世界卫生组织wrist 腕wrist bone 腕骨x xerophthalmia 干眼病x-ray unit x射线单位 y yeast 酵母菌 yellow bone marrow 黄骨髓yellow fever 黄热病 yellow spot 黄点yolk 卵黄 z zona pellucida 明带zooplankton 浮游动物 zygapophysis 关节突zygote 合子
